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Refrigerants Codes and Standards

Tue, 16 Apr 2024 05:00:00 +0000

Purpose of Montreal Protocol

International treaty intended to engage world nations in phasing out production of substances shown to deplete stratospheric ozone and adversely impact climate change. Of particular interest to HVAC, refrigerants have shown ozone depletion and global warming potential. The Montreal Protocol presents the terms and dates of phase-outs of several refrigerants used in HVAC equipment.

Timeline of Montreal Protocol:

1987: Terms of treaty agreed on.
1989: Treaty ratified by 198 nations across the world.
2010: Phaseout of R-22 equipment with timeline of R-22 refrigerant production to gradually reduce to zero by 2020. Industry adopts R-410A as primary refrigerant.
2019: Kigali Amendment to Montreal Protocol laying out terms of phaseout of HFC refrigerants like R-410A and R-134a
2025: Phaseout of R-410A and R-134a equipment effecting all comfort cooling/heating systems including RTUs, chillers, split systems, etc.
2026: Phaseout of R-410A in VRF systems.

How does this affect you?

Starting January 1st, 2025, HVAC equipment, excluding VRF, will not be available with R-410A or R-134a. Refrigerant will still be available for some time, but refrigerant production will be phasing down, similar to how the industry handled the phase down of R-22. Major manufactures are switching over to R-32 or R-454B for R-410A equipment. R-513A will be commonly used in place of R-134a chillers. HVAC technicians and service personnel will carry different refrigerants depending upon the manufacturer. R-32 is not a blended refrigerant so it can be added to units without evacuating all the refrigerant in the unit. R-454B, much like R-410A, is a blended refrigerant so it is highly recommended all refrigerant be evacuated from the unit prior to adding any new R-454B. This helps maintain proper mixtures of the blend to maintain unit capacities and efficiencies.

Major Manufacturer Plans:

AAON:
- R-454B for all RTU’s and split systems and most chillers;
- R-513A for medium pressure chillers
Captive Aire
- R-454B for all RTU’s
Carrier
- R-454B for all RTU’s and split systems and most chillers;
- R-513A for medium pressure chillers
Daikin
- R-32 for all RTUs and split systems and, most chillers;
- R-513A for medium pressure chillers.
Greenheck
- R-454B for all RTUs
JCI/York
- R-454B for all RTUs and split systems and most chillers; R-513A for medium pressure chillers.
Lennox
- R-32 for all RTUs and split systems.
Trane
- R-454B for all RTUs and split systems and most chillers;
- R-513A for medium pressure chillers
LG
- R-32 for all split systems.
Mitsubishi
- R-32 for all split systems.

How does EMA recommend you move forward?

EMA recommends moving forward with any new equipment purchased to utilize the low GWP refrigerants. Verify with manufacturer on timing of equipment availability.

For all additional inquiries contact the experts at EMA at - refrigerants@emaengineer.com or (903) 581-2677.

Navigating the Complex Requirements of Compounding Pharmacy Design

Fri, 29 Mar 2024 05:00:00 +0000

Compounding pharmacies have highly complex mechanical, electrical and plumbing (MEP) requirements compared to standard pharmacies. This presents unique design challenges for architects and healthcare facility owners. By understanding a few key considerations and collaborating with experienced MEP engineers, you can successfully tackle your compounding pharmacy project.

New Quality and Safety Protocols

One major design implication is the recent revision of USP Chapters 795 and 797 as well as the enforceability of USP Chapter 800 standards specifically for handling of hazardous drugs. This standard mandates strict contamination control through pressurization zones and temperature and humidity settings for staff safety and drug handling. Key factors during design and construction include HVAC equipment selection, floor plan layout, and enclosure construction to prevent infiltration.

Another key requirement is building redundancy into systems that impact drug storage and ongoing operations. Redundancies in critical equipment like HVAC units are essential to allow uninterrupted delivery for patient needs. Critical power from the Essential Electrical System (EES) is required to ensure the safe storage of hazardous drugs during power failures. Architectural spaces also need flexibility to avoid frequent renovation when protocols evolve. Existing spaces renovated into compounding pharmacies may present especially difficult challenges for the design team.

Leveraging MEP Engineering Expertise

MEP engineers are indispensable partners for navigating the technical demands of compounding pharmacies. The MEP firm should combine expertise in pharmaceutical standards and an understanding of the architectural and construction challenges of these spaces.

Collaborating early in design development allows the MEP team to strategize layouts, zoning, redundancies, and construction sequencing in ways that balance contamination control, system redundancies, and capital costs. This ensures that the space exceeds the stringent requirements of these critical spaces.

While compounding pharmacies present challenges, an experienced MEP engineer can provide this expertise, so that architects and owners can feel confident they have the right solutions in place from day one.

Celebrating 50 Years of Remarkable Engineering: A Yearlong Journey Begins

Wed, 10 Jan 2024 06:00:00 +0000

In the dynamic world of engineering, milestones are not just markers of time; they are reflections of extraordinary journeys. This year marks a REMARKABLE chapter in the story of EMA as we proudly celebrate our 50th anniversary!

Half a century ago, two ambitious visionaries, Jim Estes and James D. McClure, embarked on a journey to make a lasting impact in the engineering landscape. Their passion laid the foundation for what has grown into a thriving community of friendly engineers, problem-solvers, and collaborators – the heart and soul of EMA.

As we kick off our 50th-anniversary campaign, the theme that resonates through every plan and initiative is “EMA is REMARKABLE." We want this year to be a testament to the REMARKABLE strides we've taken, the REMARKABLE closeness of our dedicated employees, and the REMARKABLE relationships we've built with our valued clients. Our journey has been nothing short of extraordinary, marked by collaborative growth, shared successes, and an unwavering commitment to excellence. It's a journey of engineers, designers, and professionals coming together, facing challenges, and creating solutions that redefine what's possible.

What can you expect from this yearlong celebration?

Exciting Events and Initiatives: Throughout the year, we'll roll out a series of REMARKABLE events, spotlights on team achievements, and initiatives that reflect our commitment to innovation.

Employee Journeys: Our incredible employees are the driving force behind our success. Get ready to meet the faces behind EMA, hear their stories, and celebrate the REMARKABLE contributions each one has made.

Client Appreciation: Our clients have been an integral part of our journey. This year, we're dedicating special moments to express our gratitude, celebrate successes, and strengthen the REMARKABLE partnerships we've built over the years.

This campaign is more than a celebration; it's a reflection of our collective commitment to the REMARKABLE. Together, let's make the next 50 years even more extraordinary!

Stay tuned for an incredible year ahead!

Exploring Sustainability and Energy Efficiency with EMA's Energy/Sustainability Leader

Mon, 18 Dec 2023 06:00:00 +0000

In our first blog post, we're excited to introduce Biraj Bhandari, EMA's Energy/Sustainability Leader, as we delve into a topic that resonates deeply with him – the world of sustainability and energy efficiency. Check out the conversation below between Biraj and EMA’s Marketing Director, Stacy Sanders, as they explore the significance of sustainability and energy efficiency for facility owners and architects and get a glimpse of what's coming in our future blog issues.

Stacy: Biraj, it's a pleasure to have you here for our first blog post. Could you start by sharing a bit about your background and expertise in sustainability and energy efficiency?

Biraj: I'm glad to be here for the first blog post. I have a mechanical engineering background, focusing on data-driven energy management and sustainable design. My experience includes working on various projects to develop a sustainable built environment and optimize building performance in different sectors like education campuses, health care facilities, office buildings, manufacturing, industrial facilities, etc. I'm passionate about finding innovative solutions to help our clients meet their sustainable development goals through energy-efficient practices and technologies in both design and operation.

Stacy: That's impressive, Biraj. Sustainability is a hot topic in the engineering world, but why is it so important to you and your team at EMA?

Biraj: Sustainability is in everything we do, as an individual and as professionals. Being able to visualize building energy systems with a lens of sustainability empowers us and our clients to make better decisions as it relates to financial aspects, system resilience and maintenance, environmental performance, occupant health & experience. It’s important to our team at EMA because providing sustainability focused, quality consulting services to make informed decisions is embedded in our core of total client focus.

Stacy: That's a compelling case for the importance of sustainability. Facility owners and architects have a lot to gain from it. Can you elaborate on why these professionals should be especially attentive to energy efficiency and sustainability in their projects?

Biraj: Sustainability is in everything we do as an individual and as professionals. Visualizing building energy systems with a lens of sustainability empowers us and our clients to make better decisions related to financial aspects, system resilience and maintenance, environmental performance, occupant health & experience. It’s important to our team at EMA because providing sustainability-focused consulting services to make informed decisions is embedded in our core of Total Client Focus.

Stacy: Thank you for shedding light on the importance of these issues. To wrap up, could you give our readers a sneak peek into what they can expect from our future posts on sustainability and energy efficiency?

Biraj: Of course! In our upcoming blog issues, we will explore trending topics in the sustainability world, from case studies around design and data-driven building performance improvements to life-cycle analysis for different MEP systems (including hybrid geothermal systems!). We'll also share insights and lessons learned from our team's experiences throughout the year. Sustainability is an ever-evolving field, and we're excited to keep our readers informed and engaged with the latest developments.

Stacy: That sounds fantastic. We look forward to delving deeper into these crucial topics in the coming months. Thank you, Biraj!

As EMA embarks on this blogging adventure, we're committed to providing valuable insights into sustainability and energy efficiency. Biraj, with his wealth of expertise, offers a unique perspective on why these topics are vital. Stay tuned for more in-depth explorations of the sustainability world and other valuable topics!

Check back for updates and announcements

Mon, 09 Jan 2023 06:00:00 +0000